This poem is based on the anthology of the British historian Todd. The facts narrated by Todd have not been distorted in this poem. However, this is one of the poems where Nobel-Laureate Tagore upholds that the seeming defeat of the Sikhs was a victory in the test of history. It as the victory of their spirituality over the brutal force they had to encounter. That is why Sikh ideal survives as a dynamic force, one f the noble heritages that will propel the Indian nation forward. And what happened to the omnipotent rulers (Mughols) who had let the hell oose on this beautiful earth, cultivated cruelty and inhumanity at its highest and appeared invincible? In the words of the Poet - "With blood stained sword in hand, with their bloody look, They hide face in the children's lesson book ..." [Rajat Das Gupta] 

He cooks lentils in a pot the size of a plunge pool. Jitendra Singh's soupy concoctions help feed tens 0f thousands of people each day at the Golden Temple, the holiest shrine of the Sikh religion.

The glimmering gurdwara is one of India's best-known religious monuments but its kitchen is also something to behold.

Professor Emeritus Norman Gerald (Jerry) Barrier, an eminent historian of South Asia and Sikh Studies, passed away on Sunday, June 6, 2010, a day when Sikhs around the world were observing the 26^th anniversary of the Indian army's assault on the Golden Temple at Amritsar in 1984.

In fact, this major catastrophic event had provided Jerry with a new lens to re-interpret the legacy of the Sikh past in understanding modern Sikhism. His research continued to focus on recent Sikh history.

Jerry Barrier was born on August 22, 1940.

He received his Ph.D. from Duke University and taught for a year at Northern Illinois. Then he taught at the University of Missouri, Columbia, for 37 years. While at Missouri, Jerry headed South Asia Center for several years, chaired the History Department, and held two chairs, the Middlebush Chair in History and the Middlebush Chair in Social Sciences.

Mother-and-son team Satnam Kaur and Sandeep Singh completed several firsts for the competition in their match at The Address Montgomerie Dubai.

Not only were they the first all-family pairing to claim a berth in the UAE National Final - which will be held at the Dubai Creek Golf & Yacht Club in May - but the duo were also the first lady and junior qualifiers in the inaugural series.

Another victory at finals day and the pair will progress to the prestigious International Pairs World Final in Scotland.

In perfect early-morning conditions, 64 members took to the course aiming to progress to finals day to represent the club against other winners from the country.

However, it was the family team  who were celebrating at the end of the day as they clicnhed victory by the narrowest of margins.